Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with an absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body and characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders.Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in the full sense, but an incorrect lifestyle and diet.Therefore, diabetes nutrition plays an important role in the patient's well-being.
Foods to include and exclude from the diet for type 2 diabetes
Diet for diabetes must be correct and include foods with a low glycemic index (from 10 to 40):
- vegetables: tomatoes, eggplant, cabbage, cucumber, zucchini, green beans and other green vegetables;
- eggs;
- mushrooms and various nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, cranberries, blueberries, plums, pears, apples, currants, strawberries, strawberries and juices from them;
- citrus fruits: lemon, orange, tangerine and grapefruit;
- products based on cereals and bran: barley bread, rice bran, oat flakes, buckwheat, spaghetti and pasta with hard flour;
- dietary meat: poultry, rabbit, turkey, veal;
- fish and low-fat fish products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold pressed linseed oil;
- mineral water.
Limitconsumption of foods with an average glycemic index (from 40 to 70)
- dairy: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- low-fat or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (boiled and boiled), carrots, legumes;
- wholemeal bread, rye bread, black bread, yeast bread;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- apple and grape juices, without sugar;
- instant oatmeal;
- marmalade;
- raisins, melon, kiwi;
- industrial mayonnaise;
- canned corn;
- wheat flour pancakes;
- brown rice
Deletefoods with a high glycemic index (from 70 to 100) in the diet
- watermelon;
- wheat cereals and breads;
- corn flakes;
- fried and baked potatoes;
- caramel and honey, jam, sweets, sugar;
- white bread;
- alcohol and sweet carbonated and non-carbonated drinks;
- coffee, tea, replacing them with chicory, green tea and blueberry leaf tea;
- sweet fruits: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- processed meat products: sausages, sausages, small sausages, chicken, smoked meats.
In addition to taking medications prescribed by the doctor, it is necessary to use medicinal plants: chicory, lingonberry leaves, dandelion root, mantle, bean leaves and a collection of sugar-lowering herbs.
In addition, diabetics are advised to lead an active lifestyle, to move more, including walking up to 2 km a day, climbing stairs, doing physical work, unless, of course, they have suffered a heart attack or stroke.Adjust your sleep schedule, sleep at least 7 hours a day and go to bed at 1 am at the latest.
Basic steps and diet rules for type 2 diabetes
It's no secret that diabetes mellitus mainly affects overweight and obese people.
First step of the diet-2 weeks, getting rid of extra pounds.During this period, eat only foods with a low glycemic index.
If there is high blood sugar, it is recommended to eat strictly 3 times a day, without snacks, then the insulin will have time to be used.Instead of snacking, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, one portion should fit in the palm of your hand.
Second stage of the diet– 15 days, consolidation of results.During this period, we eat foods with a low and medium glycemic index.We limit our intake of sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
The third stage of the diet– for the rest of my life, keeping fit and following the rules.The menu should be with low and medium glycemic levels.
From my own experience, I have been a diabetic for 11 years, I know that 70% of good health depends on what you ate for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and 20% on activity during the day and only 10% on medications.
Meals for diabetes mellitus in the list of BREAKFAST dishes
For breakfast you can prepare the following dishes:
- Oatmeal - made from natural cereals and low-fat milk, with the addition of a small amount of berries, raisins and dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran - with low-fat milk or yogurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or boiled: tongue, rabbit, meat;or meatball, meat soufflé.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of cheese on wholemeal bread.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese, with sour cream, yogurt or low-fat kefir.
- Cheesecakes with sour cream.
- Cabbage or potato cutlets with sour cream.
- Green tea based on natural herbs.Tea with milk.
- Fruits: pears, apples, oranges, grapefruits.
- Boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Omelet with squid.
- Cabbage casserole in the oven.
- Zucchini casserole.
- Meat pudding.
Meals for diabetes on the LUNCH dish list
A normal lunch consists of salads, first and second courses, desserts and drinks.The following dishes are offered for lunch:
Salads:
The basis of salads can be lettuce, fresh cabbage, incl.and bok choy, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radish, radish, cucumber, tomato), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheese and fruit.
First courses:
- Soups:
- vegetable vegetarian;
- pearl barley and buckwheat with mushrooms;
- rice with egg;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, with beans;
- brine;
- fish with celery;
- vegetable with chicken;
- Lenten borscht with sour cream.
Second courses:
- Boiled meat or stew with braised cabbage.
- Beef stroganoff with mashed potatoes.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Chicken cooked with corn porridge.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Sandwiches to your liking, made with wholemeal bread.
Dessert:
- Sugar-free lemon jam.
- Carrot cake.
- Curd soufflé.
- Stevia chocolate cake in the microwave.
- Sugar-free pumpkin cheesecake and semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apples.
Drinks
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or kefir with cinnamon.
- Rosehip decoction or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (for weight loss).
- Fruit compote with sweetener.
Meals for diabetes on the DINNER dish list
Dinner dishes can be:
- Cabbage rolls stuffed with vegetables.
- Cooked fish of low-fat varieties.
- Carrot and apple dumplings with kefir.
- Carrot puree with cream.
- Stewed cabbage.
- Vegetable casserole.
1 hour before bed
- a glass of kefir;
The above list of dishes is a recommendation;you should develop your own menu and focus on your well-being.